La Ruĝvosta parulio, Setophaga ruticilla, estas malgranda paserina birdo de la familio de Paruliedoj de Ameriko kaj malgranda genro de Setophaga, kie ĝi estas la ununura specio. Ili reproduktiĝas en Nordameriko, tra suda Kanado kaj orienta Usono.

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Ruĝvosta parulio
Ruĝvosta parulio, masklo
Ruĝvosta parulio, masklo
Ruĝvosta parulio, ino
Ruĝvosta parulio, ino
Biologia klasado
Regno: Animaloj Animalia
Filumo: Ĥorduloj Chordata
Klaso: Birdoj Aves
Ordo: Paseroformaj Passeriformes
Familio: Paruliedoj Parulidae
Genro: Setophaga
Specio: 'S. ruticilla'
Setophaga ruticilla
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Konserva statuso
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Konserva statuso: Malplej zorgiga
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Tiuj birdoj estas migrantaj, kaj vintrumas en Centrameriko, Karibio kaj norda Sudameriko (en Venezuelo ili nomiĝas "candelitas" -kandeletoj-). Ili estas tre raraj vagantoj en okcidentan Eŭropon.

Masklo de Ruĝvosta parulio

Tiu specio estas tute nerilata al la malnovmondaj ruĝvostuloj. Tiu specio ricevas sian nomon pro la ruĝa koloro de la vosto de masklo.

Aspekto redakti

La Ruĝvosta parulio estas 12 cm longa kaj pezas 8.5 g. La reproduktantaj maskloj estas nekonfuzeblaj, tutnigra supre escepte larĝan oranĝecruĝajn makulojn centre de flugiloj kaj en ekstera parto de komenca vosto (flugiloj kaj vosto montras iom da malhelbruneca nuanco pli ol la tutnigran koloron de la supra dorso). Ankaŭ la brustoflankoj estas ruĝoranĝaj, kun la resto de ties subaj partoj blankaj. La beko estas mallonga kaj pintakra. La okuloj estas nigraj.

Ĉe aliaj plumaroj la Ruĝvostaj parulioj montras verdecajn suprajn partojn, nigran vostocentron kaj grizajn kapojn. La ruĝoranĝaj makuloj de la masklo estas anstataŭataj de flava koloro ĉe la plumaroj de inoj kaj junuloj. La beko kaj kruroj estas pli nigrecaj ĉe la reprodukta masklo ol ĉe aliaj plumaroj.

Kutimaro redakti

La reproduktaj habitatoj de tiuj birdoj estas malfermaj arbarojarbustaroj. Tiuj habitatoj estas ofte situaj ĉe akvo. Tiuj birdoj nestumas en malalte en arbusto; la ino demetas 2-5 ovojn en tasforma nesto.

Tiuj birdoj manĝas insektojn kutime kaptatajn dumfluge. Ruĝvostaj parulioj ankaŭ kaptas siajn insektopredojn per plukado el la foliaro. Tiu estas tre aktiva specio. Ili ofte malfermas siajn vostojn. Tiuj birdoj fermas kaj malfermas la oranĝan kaj flavan kolorojn de siaj vostoj por allogi aŭ senmovigi insektojn el la subkreskaĵaro.

 
Ruĝvosta parulio


Ĉu problemoj aŭdigi ĉi tiun dosieron? Vidu helpon.

Ties kanto estas serio de muzikecaj notoj sii. Ties alvoko estas milda ĉip.

Ruĝvostaj parulioj montras miksitan pariĝstrategion; ili estas hegemonie monogamaj sed ĉirkaŭ 25 % de maskloj havas multoblajn teritoriojn kaj estas poliginaj. Eĉ ĉe monogamaj paroj, alta proporcio de idoj - ĝis 40 % - ne estas filoj de la masklo de la paro. La intenseco de la maskla koloraro (kiu rilatas al pigmentoj de Karotenoido) antaŭmarkas ties sukceson je havo de teritorio en la nereproduktaj vintraj lokoj ĉe Karibio, la probablecon ke li estos poligina, kaj la proporcion de idoj en sia nesto kies patro li vere estos[1].

Referencoj redakti

  1. Reudink, M. W., Marra, P. P., Boag, P. T., & Ratcliffe, L. M. (2009). Plumage coloration predicts paternity and polygyny in the American redstart. Animal Behaviour, 77, 495-501. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.11.005

Literaturo redakti

Libroj redakti

  • Sherry, T. W., and R. T. Holmes. 1997. American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla). In The Birds of North America, No. 277 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists’ Union, Washington, D.C.

Tezoj redakti

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Artikoloj redakti

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