Kimra leĝo

Cyfraith Hywel (en angla Laws of Hywel aŭ Welsh law; en latina Leges Walliæ ^[1]) estis la sistemo de juro praktikita en mezepoka Kimrio antaŭ ties fina konkero por Anglio fare de la reĝo Eduardo la 1-a. Sekve la krimkodoj de la kimra leĝaro estis anstataŭata de la Statuto de Rhuddlan en 1284 kaj ties civilaj kodoj fare de Henriko la 8-a per la serio de Kimraj Leĝoj de 1535–1542.

La Kimra leĝaro estis formo de Kelta juro kun multaj similaĵoj kun la Brehona juro de Irlando kaj partikulare kun la kutimoj kaj terminaro de la Britonoj de Strathclyde.^[2] Ĝi estis trapasata parole de juristoj kaj bardoj kaj, laŭ tradicio, nur unuafoje kodigita dum la regado de Hywel la Bonulo meze de la 10a jarcento. La plej fruaj survivantaj manuskriptoj, tamen, estas en Latino, date el la komenco de la 13a jarcento, kaj montras markitajn regionajn diferencojn.^[3]

Notoj redakti

↑ Aliaj uzitaj nomoj ĉe kelkaj manuskriptoj estas Leges Howeli Boni, Leges Howeli Dha, Leges Howelda, Leges Wallicæ, &c.
↑ Lloyd, J.E. A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest, Vol. I, p. 287. Longmans, 1912. Alirita la 5an Feb 2013.
↑ Wade-Evans, Arthur. Welsh Medieval Law. Oxford Univ., 1909. Alirita la 1a Feb 2013.

Referencoj redakti

T.M. Charles-Edwards, Morfydd E. Owen and D.B. Walters (eld.) (1986) Lawyers and laymen: studies in the history of law presented to Professor Dafydd Jenkins on his seventy-fifth birthday (University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-7083-0925-9
T.M. Charles-Edwards (1989) The Welsh laws Writers of Wales series (University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-7083-1032-X
T.M. Charles-Edwards, M.E. Owen and P. Russell (eds.) (2000). The Welsh king and his court (University of Wales Press). Cardiff.
R.R. Davies (1987) Conquest, coexistemce and change: Wales 1063–1415 (Clarendon Press, University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-19-821732-3
Hywel David Emanuel (1967) The Latin texts of the Welsh laws (University of Wales Press)
Daniel Huws (1980) The medieval codex with reference to the Welsh Law Books (University of Wales Press)
A.O.H. Jarman (1981) The cynfeirdd: early Welsh poets and poetry. Writers of Wales Series. University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-7083-0813-9
Dafydd Jenkins (1986) The law of Hywel Dda: law texts from mediaeval Wales translated and edited (Gomer Press) ISBN 0-86383-277-6
Dafydd Jenkins and Morfydd E. Owen (eld.) (1980) The Welsh law of women : studies presented to Professor Daniel A. Binchy on his eightieth birthday, 3a Junio 1980 (University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-7083-0771-X
T. Jones Pierce Medieval Welsh society: selected essays (University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-7083-0447-8
Lloyd, John Edward (1911), A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest, I (2nd ed.), London: Longmans, Green, and Co (published 1912), http://books.google.com/?id=NYwNAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover
Lloyd, John Edward (1911), A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest, II (2nd ed.), London: Longmans, Green, and Co (published 1912), http://books.google.com/?id=EYwNAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover
Kari Maund (2006) The Welsh kings: warriors, warlords and princes (Tempus) ISBN 0-7524-2973-6
David Moore (2005) The Welsh wars of independence: c.410 – c.1415 (Tempus) ISBN 0-7524-3321-0
Huw Pryce (1993) Native Law and the Church in Medieval Wales (Oxford Historical Monographs) (Clarendon Press) ISBN 0-19-820362-4
Melville Richards (1954) The laws of Hywel Dda (The Book of Blegywryd), translated by Melville Richards (Liverpool University Press)
David Stephenson (1984) The governance of Gwynedd (University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-7083-0850-3
Aled Rhys William (1960) Llyfr Iorwerth: a critical text of the Venedotian code of mediaeval Welsh law (University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-7083-0114-2
Glanmor Williams (1987) Recovery, reorientation and reformation: Wales c. 1415–1642 (Clarendon Press, University of Wales Press) ISBN 0-19-821733-1

Eksteraj ligiloj redakti

The Laws of Hywel Dda (Peniarth MS 28), ĉe Nacia Biblioteko de Kimrio
A view of Jesus College MS 57, hosted by Oxford University
The Welsh Prose 1350 – 1425 Project, a digital record of Middle Welsh texts (including surviving law manuscripts) from the University of Cardiff
The Hywel Dda Centre in Whitland
Lewis, Hubert (1884), Lloyd, John Edward, ed., The Ancient Laws of Wales, London: Elliot Stock, 1889, http://books.google.com/?id=tfUyAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover
Owen, Aneurin (translator) (942 – 950), "Laws of Howel Dda", in Kocourek, Albert; Wigmore, John H., Sources of Ancient and Primitive Law, Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1915, pp. 519–553, http://books.google.com/books?id=l7UcAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA519
Probert, William, ed. (1823), The Ancient Laws of Cambria, London: E. Williams, http://books.google.com/?id=ObY0AAAAIAAJ&printsec=titlepage
Seebohm, Frederic (1895), The Tribal System in Wales (2nd ed.), London: Longmans, Green, and Co (published 1904), http://books.google.com/?id=K76xqOF3EfUC&printsec=titlepage

[1] Aliaj uzitaj nomoj ĉe kelkaj manuskriptoj estas Leges Howeli Boni, Leges Howeli Dha, Leges Howelda, Leges Wallicæ, &c.

[2] Lloyd, J.E. A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest, Vol. I, p. 287. Longmans, 1912. Alirita la 5an Feb 2013.

[3] Wade-Evans, Arthur. Welsh Medieval Law. Oxford Univ., 1909. Alirita la 1a Feb 2013.

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