Charles Darwin: Malsamoj inter versioj
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Linio 75:
[[File:HMS Beagle by Conrad Martens.jpg|thumb|left|alt=On a sea inlet surrounded by steep hills, with high snow-covered mountains in the distance, someone standing in an open canoe waves at a square-rigged sailing ship, seen from the front|Dum la ''Beagle'' laŭiris la marbordojn de Sudameriko, Darvino teoriis pri geologio kaj formorto de gigantaj mamuloj.]]
Tri Fuegianoj estis prenitaj dum la unua vojaĝo de la ''Beagle'', kaj poste dum unu jaro en Anglio ili estis edukitaj kiel misiistoj. Darvino trovis ilin amikemaj kaj civilisitaj, sed en [[Tierra del Fuego]] li trafis "mizerajn, degraditajn sovaĝulojn", diferencaj kaj naturaj kiel aldomigitaj animaloj.<ref>{{Harvnb|Darwin|1845|pp= [http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F14&viewtype=text&pageseq=218 205–208]}}</ref> Li restis konvinkita, ke spite tiun diversecon, ĉiuj homoj estas interrilataj pere de [[komuna deveno]] kaj kapablo por plibonigo al civilizo. Malkiel siaj sciencistaj amikoj, li tiam jam pensis, ke ne estas senponta vakuo inter homoj kaj animaloj.<ref>{{Harvnb|Browne|1995|pp= 243–244, 248–250, 382–383}}</ref> Unu jaron poste la misio estis abandonita. La Fuegiano kiun ili estis nominta Jemmy Button vivis kiel la aliaj indiĝenoj, havis edzinon, kaj ne deziris reveni en Anglion.<ref>{{harvnb|Keynes|2001|pp=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&itemID=F1925&pageseq=258 226–227]}}</ref>
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Darvino experienced [[1835 Concepción earthquake|an earthquake in Chile]] and saw signs that the land had just been raised, including [[mussel]]-beds stranded above high tide. High in the [[Andes]] he saw seashells, and several fossil trees that had grown on a sand beach. He theorised that as the land rose, [[island|oceanic islands]] sank, and [[coral reef]]s round them grew to form [[atoll]]s.<ref>{{Harvnb|Desmond|Moore|1991|pp= 160–168, 182}}<br />{{Harvnb|Darwin|1887|p= [http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1452.1&viewtype=text&pageseq=278 260]}}</ref><ref name=atolls>{{Harvnb|Darwin|1958|loc=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1497&viewtype=text&pageseq=100 pp. 98–99]}}</ref>▼
▲Darvino
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On the geologically new [[Galápagos Islands]], Darwin looked for evidence attaching wildlife to an older "centre of creation", and found [[mockingbird]]s allied to those in Chile but differing from island to island. He heard that slight variations in the shape of [[tortoise]] shells showed which island they came from, but failed to collect them, even after eating tortoises taken on board as food.<ref name=k356>{{harvnb|Keynes|2001|pp=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&itemID=F1925&pageseq=388 356–357]}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sulloway|1982|p=19}}</ref> In Australia, the [[marsupial]] [[Potoridae|rat-kangaroo]] and the [[platypus]] seemed so unusual that Darwin thought it was almost as though two distinct Creators had been at work.<ref name=Crows>{{cite web|url=http://darwin-online.org.uk/EditorialIntroductions/Chancellor_fieldNotebooks1.3.html|title=Darwin Online: Coccatoos & Crows: An introduction to the Sydney Notebook|accessdate=2 January 2009|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114015611/http://darwin-online.org.uk/EditorialIntroductions/Chancellor_fieldNotebooks1.3.html|archivedate=14 January 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He found the [[Indigenous Australians|Aborigines]] "good-humoured & pleasant", and noted their depletion by European settlement.<ref>{{harvnb|Keynes|2001|pp=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&itemID=F1925&pageseq=430 398–399].}}</ref>
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