Radioaktiveco: Malsamoj inter versioj
| [kontrolita revizio] | [kontrolita revizio] |
Enhavo forigita Enhavo aldonita
Kani (diskuto | kontribuoj) Neniu resumo de redakto |
Kani (diskuto | kontribuoj) |
||
Linio 18:
Baldaŭ klariĝis, ke la nigrigo de la plato neniel rilatas al la fosforesko, ĉar la nigrigo estis produktita ankaŭ de ne-fosforeskaj [[salo]]j el uranio kaj eĉ de metala uranio mem. Klariĝis el tiuj eksperimentoj, ke estas formo de nevidebla radiado kiu povas trapasi tra [[papero]] kaj estis okaziginta la fakton ke la plato reagas kvazaŭ ĝi estas eksponita al la lumo.
{{redaktata}}
▲At first, it seemed as though the new radiation was similar to the then recently discovered X-rays. Further research by Becquerel, [[Ernest Rutherford]], [[Paul Villard]], [[Pierre Curie]], [[Marie Curie]], and others showed that this form of radioactivity was significantly more complicated. Rutherford was the first to realize that all such elements decay in accordance with the same mathematical exponential formula. Rutherford and his student [[Frederick Soddy]] were the first to realize that many decay processes resulted in the [[nuclear transmutation|transmutation]] of one element to another. Subsequently, the [[radioactive displacement law of Fajans and Soddy]] was formulated to describe the products of [[alpha decay|alpha]] and [[beta decay]].<ref>Kasimir Fajans, "Radioactive transformations and the periodic system of the elements". [[Chemische Berichte|Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft]], Nr. 46, 1913, pp. 422–439</ref><ref>Frederick Soddy, "The Radio Elements and the Periodic Law", Chem. News, Nr. 107, 1913, pp. 97–99</ref>
The early researchers also discovered that many other [[chemical element]]s, besides uranium, have [[Radionuclide|radioactive isotopes]]. A systematic search for the total radioactivity in uranium ores also guided Pierre and Marie Curie to isolate two new elements: [[polonium]] and [[radium]]. Except for the radioactivity of radium, the chemical similarity of radium to [[barium]] made these two elements difficult to distinguish.
Marie and Pierre Curie's study of radioactivity is an important factor in science and medicine. After their research on Becquerel's rays led them to the discovery of both radium and polonium, they coined the term "radioactivity".<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Radioactivity: Introduction and History|last=L'Annunziata|first=Michael F.|publisher=Elsevier Science|year=2007|isbn=9780080548883|location=Amsterdam, Netherlands|pages=2}}</ref> Their research on the penetrating rays in uranium and the discovery of radium launched an era of using radium for the treatment of cancer. Their exploration of radium could be seen as the first peaceful use of nuclear energy and the start of modern [[nuclear medicine]].<ref name=":0" />
== Ekzemploj de radioaktivaj nuklidoj ==
| |||