Hallstatt-kulturo: Malsamoj inter versioj

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Linio 1:
<!-- ĵus prilaborata ... "ĵus" estas la 23-a de junio 2006... -->
[[Dosiero:Hallstatt 5921.JPG|thumb|<center>trinkilo el [[korno]] de [[bovo]] el la tombokampo ĉe [[Hallstatt (urbo)|Hallstatt]]]]
La '''Hallstatt-kulturo''' estis kulturo de la frua [[ferepoko]] (-800 ĝis -400), kiu ricevis sian nomon laŭ grava trovejo de riĉe dotita [[tombokampo]] ĉe [[Hallstatt (urbo)|Hallstatt]], malgranda urbo piede de la ''Dachstein''-montaro en [[Supra Aŭstrio]]. La anoj de la Hallstatt-kulturo supozeble estas [[keltoj]].
 
==Priskribo==
La '''Hallstatt-kulturo''' estis la hegemonia kulturo en [[Okcidenta Eŭropo|Okcidenta]] kaj [[Centra Eŭropo]] en la fino de la [[Bronzepoko]] (Hallstatt A, Hallstatt B) el la 12a al la 8a jarcentoj a-K. kajk komenco de la [[Ferepoko]] (Hallstatt C, Hallstatt D) el la 8a al la 6a jarcentoj a.K., disvolviĝante el la Urnokampa kulturo de la 12a jarcento a.K. (fina Bronzepoko) kaj estis sekvita en multo de ties areo de La Tène kulturo. Ĝi estas ofte asocia kun loĝantaroj de pra-keltoj kaj keltoj en la okcidenta zono de Hallstatt kaj kun (pra-)Ilirianoj en la orienta zono de Hallstatt.<ref> Philip L. Kohl (1996). Nationalism, Politics and the Practice of Archaeology. p. 134. ISBN 0521558395. "... in the 1940s. They were emphatically developed by S. P. Tolstov (1946; 1947b), whose original contribution was to include the Thracian- Illyrian population (the Hallstatt culture) ..."" </ref><ref> Herbert Kuhn (1976). Geschichte der Vorgeschichtsforschung. p. 455. ISBN 3110059185. "... of the Middle Danube Urnfield group persisted in the eastern Alpine and the north and east Adriatic area where the Illyrian Hallstatt culture arose in the following centuries best known through its celebrated Hallstatt cemetery and the situla art." </ref>
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ItĜi isestis namednomita forlaŭ itssia typetipa siteloko, nome [[Hallstatt]], alagoborda lakesidevilaĝo villageen inla the Austrian[[Aŭstrio|aŭstria]] [[Salzkammergut]] southeastsudoriente ofde Salzburg[[Salzburgo]], wherekie thereestis wasriĉa a[[salminejo]], richkaj saltoni mine,malkovris and someĉirkaŭ 1,300 burialstombojn, aremultaj known,el manyili withkun finefajnaj artefactsartefaktoj. MaterialMaterialo fromel Hallstatt has been classified into 4 periods, designated "Hallstatt A" to "D". Hallstatt A and B are regarded as Late Bronze Age and the terms used for wider areas, such as "Hallstatt culture", or "period", "style" and so on, relate to the Iron Age Hallstatt C and D.
The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western and Central European culture of Late Bronze Age (Hallstatt A, Hallstatt B) from the 12th to 8th centuries BC and Early Iron Age Europe (Hallstatt C, Hallstatt D) from the 8th to 6th centuries BC, developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC (Late Bronze Age) and followed in much of its area by the La Tène culture. It is commonly associated with Proto-Celtic and Celtic populations in the Western Hallstatt zone and with (pre-)Illyrians in the eastern Hallstatt zone.[1][2]
 
It is named for its type site, Hallstatt, a lakeside village in the Austrian Salzkammergut southeast of Salzburg, where there was a rich salt mine, and some 1,300 burials are known, many with fine artefacts. Material from Hallstatt has been classified into 4 periods, designated "Hallstatt A" to "D". Hallstatt A and B are regarded as Late Bronze Age and the terms used for wider areas, such as "Hallstatt culture", or "period", "style" and so on, relate to the Iron Age Hallstatt C and D.
 
By the 6th century BC, it had expanded to include wide territories, falling into two zones, east and west, between them covering much of western and central Europe down to the Alps, and extending into northern Italy. Parts of Britain and Iberia are included in the ultimate expansion of the culture.
Linio 14:
* [[Magdalenenberg]]
* Smolenice Molpir kaj Witzen Wiscina
 
==Notoj==
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[[Kategorio:Arkeologiaj kulturoj]]