Usonaj indianoj: Malsamoj inter versioj

Most Native American tribes had traditional [[gender role]]s. In some tribes, such as the [[Iroquois]] nation, social and clan relationships were [[matrilinear]] and [[matriarchal]] but several [[Kinship and descent|different systems]] were in use. Men hunted, traded and made war, while women cared for the young and the elderly, fashioned clothing and instruments and cured meat. The [[cradle board]] was used by mothers to carry their baby whilst working or traveling. However, in some (but not all) tribes a kind of [[transgender]] was permited; see [[Two-Spirit]].

 

[[Image:Mystic River Singers 1024.jpg|thumb|Mystic River Singers performing at a [[powwow]] in 1998]]

[[Native American music]] is almost entirely [[Texture (music)|monophonic]], but there are notable exceptions. Traditional Native American music often includes [[drum]]ming and/or the playing of rattles or other percussion instruments but little other instrumentation. [[Native American flute|Flute]]s and whistles made of wood, cane, or bone are also played, generally by individuals, but in former times also by large ensembles (as noted by Spanish [[conquistador]] [[Hernando de Soto (explorer)|de Soto]]). The tuning of these flutes is not precise and depends on the length of the wood used and the hand span of the intended player, but the finger holes are most often around a whole step apart and, at least in Northern California, a flute was not used if it turned out to have an interval close to a half step.

Performers with Native American parentage have occasionally appeared in American popular music, most notably [[Shania Twain]] (ethnically European, but raised by a [[First Nations of Canada|First Nations]] adoptive father), [[Buffy Sainte-Marie]], [[Robbie Robertson]], [[Rita Coolidge]], [[Wayne Newton]], [[Tori Amos]] and [[Redbone (band)]]. Some, such as [[John Trudell]] have used music to comment on life in Native America, and others, such as [[R. Carlos Nakai]] integrate traditional sounds with modern sounds in instrumental recordings. A variety of small and medium-sized recording companies offer an abundance of recent music by Native American performers young and old, ranging from pow-wow drum music to hard-driving rock-and-roll and rap.

 

 

Native American art comprises a major category in the world art collection. Native American contributions include [[pottery]], [[painting]]s, [[jewelry]], [[weaving]]s, [[sculpture]]s, [[basketry]], and [[carving]]s.