Karnomanĝuloj: Malsamoj inter versioj
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Linio 18:
'''Karnomanĝuloj''', aǔ '''karnovoruloj''', estas [[biologia ordo]], kiu inkluzivas pli ol 260 [[placentulo|placentulajn]] [[mamulo]]jn. Kvankam la [[granda pando|giganta pando]] estas herbomanĝa, preskaŭ ĉiuj aliaj ĉefe manĝas viandon. Karnovoruloj havas specifan krani-formon, kaj ilia dentaro inkluzivas grandajn [[kojnodento]]jn kaj [[karnasidento]]jn.
== Kladogramo ==
La sekva arbo montras la rilaton inter karnomanĝuloj laŭ iliaj genetikaj analizoj:<ref name=Werdelin_al2010>{{cite book |last1=Werdelin |first1=L. |last2=Yamaguchi |first2=N. |last3=Johnson |first3=W. E. |last4=O'Brien |first4=S. J. |chapter=Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae) |year=2010 |pages=59–82 |chapterurl=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142 |editor1-last=Macdonald |editor1-first=D. W. |editor2-last=Loveridge |editor2-first=A. J. |title=Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford, UK |isbn=978-0-19-923445-5}}</ref><ref name="Flynn2005">{{Cite journal |author1=Flynn, J. J. |author2=Finarelli, J. A. |author3=Zehr, S. |author4=Hsu, J. |author5=Nedbal, M. A. |title=Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): Assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships |doi=10.1080/10635150590923326 |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=54 |issue=2 |pages=317–37 |date=April 2005 |pmid=16012099}}</ref><ref name=Izmirictis>{{cite journal |first1=Jorge |last1=Morales |first2=Serdar |last2=Mayda |first3=Alberto |last3=Valenciano |first4=Daniel |last4=DeMiguel |first5=Tanju |last5=Kaya |year=2019 |title=A new lophocyonid, ''Izmirictis cani'' gen. et sp. nov. (Carnivora: Mammalia), from the lower Miocene of Turkey |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. Online Edition. |volume=17 |issue=16 |pages=1127–1138 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2018.1529000}}</ref><ref name="2007Barycka">{{cite journal |last=Barycka |first=E. |title=Evolution and systematics of the feliform Carnivora |journal=Mammalian Biology |volume=72 |issue=5 |year=2007 |pages=257–282 |doi=10.1016/j.mambio.2006.10.011}}</ref>
{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%;
|label1= '''Carnivora'''
|1={{clade
|label1= '''[[Feliformia]]'''
|1={{clade
|label1=''' [[Aeluroidea]]'''
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|label1= '''[[Viverroidea]]'''
|1={{clade
|label1=''' [[Herpestoidea]]'''
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=†'''[[Lophocyonidae]]'''
|2='''[[Hyaenidae]]''' [[Image:Hyaena_maculata_-_1818-1842_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
|3=†'''[[Percrocutidae]]''' [[Image:Dinocrocuta_gigantea.jpg|50px]]
}}
|2={{clade
|1='''[[Herpestidae]]''' [[Image:Lydekker_-_Broad-banded_Cusimanse_(white_background).JPG|50px]]
|2='''[[Eupleridae]]''' [[Image:Cryptoprocta_ferox_-_1700-1880_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).png|50px]]
}} }}
|2='''[[Viverridae]]''' [[File:Viverra civetta - 1700-1880 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam -(white background).jpg|50px]]
}}
|label2= '''[[Feloidea]]'''
|2={{clade
|1='''[[Prionodontidae]]''' [[File:Prionodon_maculosus.png|50px|Spotted linsang]]
|2={{clade
|1=†'''[[Barbourofelidae]]'''
|2='''[[Felidae]]''' [[File:Felis_leo_-_1818-1842_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(White_Background).jpg|50px|Wildcat]]
}} }} }}
|2='''[[Nandiniidae]]''' [[File:The_carnivores_of_West_Africa_(Nandinia_binotata_white_background).png|50px|Two-spotted palm civet]]
}}
|2=†'''[[Nimravidae]]''' [[File:Dinictis_felina_by_R._B._Horsfall_(coloured).jpg|50px|Dinictis]]
}}
|label2= '''[[Caniformia]]'''
|2={{clade
|1=†'''[[Amphicyonidae]]''' [[File:Ysengrinia.jpg|50px|Ysengrinia americana]]
|label2= '''[[Canoidea]]'''
|2={{clade
|1='''[[Canidae]]''' [[File:Dogs, jackals, wolves, and foxes (Plate XI).jpg|50px]]
|label2= '''[[Arctoidea]]'''
|2={{clade
|label1= '''[[Ursoidea]]'''
|1={{clade
|1=†'''[[Hemicyonidae]]'''
|2='''[[Ursidae]]''' [[File:Ursus_thibetanus_-_1700-1880_-_Print_-_Iconographia_Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white background).jpg|50px]]
}}
|2={{clade
|label1= '''[[Pinnipedimorpha]]'''
|1={{clade
|label1= '''[[Pinnipedia]]'''
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1='''[[Otariidae]]''' [[File:Zalophus_californianus_J._Smit_(white_background).jpg|50px]]
|2='''[[Odobenidae]]''' [[File:USSR_stamp_Walrus_1977_(white_background).png|50px]]
}}
|2='''[[Phocidae]]''' [[File:Faroe_stamp_227_grey_seal_(Phoca_vitulina)_white_background.jpg|50px]]
}}
|2=†'''[[Enaliarctidae]]'''
}}
|label2= '''[[Musteloidea]]'''
|2={{clade
|1='''[[Ailuridae]]''' [[File:Ailurus_fulgens_-_1700-1880_-_Print_-_Iconographia Zoologica_-_Special_Collections_University_of_Amsterdam_-(white_background).jpg|50px]]
|2={{clade
|1='''[[Mephitidae]]''' [[File:Die_Säugthiere_in_Abbildungen_nach_der_Natur,_mit_Beschreibungen_(Plate_CXXI-)_(white_background).jpg|50px]]
|2={{clade
|1='''[[Procyonidae]]''' [[File:Wild_animals_of_North_America,_intimate_studies_of_big_and_little_creatures_of_the_mammal_kingdom_(Page_410)_(white_background).jpg|50px]]
|2='''[[Mustelidae]]''' [[File:Fitch_white_background.png|50px|European polecat]]
}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
== Biologia klasado ==
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