Vikipedio

Agula lingvo: Malsamoj inter versioj

Browse history interactively
[nekontrolita versio][nekontrolita versio]
← Iru al antaŭa ŝanĝoIru al sekvanta ŝanĝo →
Enhavo forigita Enhavo aldonita
VidaVikiteksto
Neniu resumo de redakto
Neniu resumo de redakto
Linio 5:
|Regiono=Suda [[Dagestano]]
|Parolantoj=17373 (Popolnombrado de [[1989]])
|Skribo=Surbaze de [[cirila alfabeto]]
|Koloro=Kaŭkazia
|Fam1=[[Nordorientaj Kaŭkazaj lingvoj|Nordorienta Kaŭkaza]]
|Fam2=[[Lezgaj lingvoj_lingvoj]]
|ISO2=agx|ISO3=agx}}
 
'''Agula''', estas lingvo parolata de la [[agulajaguloj]] kaj estas uzata en suda [[Dagestano]] (respubliko de [[Rusio]]) kaj [[Azerbajĝano]].
 
==Klasifiko==
Linio 22 ⟶ 23:
 
===Parencaj lingvoj===
Estas dek lingvoj en la _Lezgian_[[lezgaj lingvoj|lezga lingva familio]], nome: _Aghul_, [[_Tabasaran_ lingvo|_Tabasaran_]], [[_Rutul_ lingvo|_Rutul_]], [[Lezga lingvo|Lezga]], [[_Tsakhur_ lingvo|_Tsakhur_]], [[_Budukh_ lingvo|_Budukh_]], [[_Kryts_ lingvo|_Kryts_]], [[_Khinalugh_ lingvo|_Khinalugh_]], [[_Udi_ lingvo|_Udi_]] kaj [[_Archi_ lingvo|_Archi_]].
 
==Gramatiko==
===Adjektivoj===
Sendependa kaj _predicative_[[predikata adjektivo|predikata]] adjektivoj preni markilojn de pluraleco kaj klaso; ankaŭ estas speciala kazo se ĝi uzata kiel nominala. Kiel atributoj ili estas neŝanĝataj. Tial ''idžed'' "bona", [[ergativo|ergativa]] ''idžedi'', kaj tiel plu ''-n, -s;'' pl. ''idžedar''; sed ''Idže insandi hhuč qini'' "La bona viro mortigis la lupon" (subjekto en ergativo).
 
===Pronomoj===
Linio 39 ⟶ 40:
| align="center"| zun
|-
|}
 
==Alfabeto==
{| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF"
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | А а
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Б б
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | В в
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Г г
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Гъ гъ
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Гь гь
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ГI гI
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Д д
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Дж дж
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Е е
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ё ё
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ж ж
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | З з
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | И и
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Й й
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | К к
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Кк кк
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Къ къ
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Кь кь
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | КI кI
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Л л
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | М м
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Н н
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | О о
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | П п
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Пп пп
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ПI пI
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Р р
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | С с
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Т т
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Тт тт
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ТI тI
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | У у
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Уь уь
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ф ф
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Х х
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Хъ хъ
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Хь хь
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ХI хI
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ц ц
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ЦI цI
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ч ч
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Чч чч
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ЧI чI
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ш ш
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Щ щ
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ъ
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | I
|-
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ы
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | ь
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Э э
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ю ю
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Я я
|}
 
==Bibliografio==
*Haspelmath, Martin. 1993. ''A grammar of Lezgian - Gramatiko de lezga''. (gramatika biblioteko Mouton; 9). Berlino & Novjorko: Mouton de Gruyter. – ISBN 3-11-013735-6
 
*Talibov, Bukar B. kaj Magomed M. Gadžiev. 1966. ''Lezginsko-russkij slovarj - lezga-rusa vortaro ’''. Moskva: Eld. Sovetskaja Enciklopedija.
 
Linio 57 ⟶ 120:
 
[[en:Agul language]]
 
 
[[Kategorio:Aŭtomate tradukitaj, kontrolindaj]]
 
<!--{{language
|name=Aghul
|nativename={{unicode|агъул чӀал}}
|states=[[Russia]], also spoken in [[Azerbaijan]]
|region=Southern [[Dagestan]]
|speakers=17,373 (1989 Census)
|familycolor=Caucasian
|fam1=[[Northeast Caucasian languages|Northeast Caucasian]]
|fam2=[[Lezgian languages|Lezgian]]
|iso2=agx|iso3=agx}}
 
'''Aghul''', also called '''Agul''', is a language spoken by the [[Aguls]] who live in southern [[Dagestan]] (a republic of [[Russia]]) and [[Azerbaijan]].
 
==Classification==
Aghul belongs to the [[Lezgian languages|Lezgian]] group of the [[Northeast Caucasian languages|Northeast Caucasian (Dagestan)]] language family.
 
==Geographic distribution==
In [[1989]], Aghul was spoken by 17,373 people in Russia, mainly in Southern Dagestan, as well as 32 people in Azerbaijan.
 
===Official status===
Aghul is not an [[official language]], and [[Lezgi language|Lezgi]] is used as the literary language.
 
===Related languages===
There are ten languages in the Lezgian language family, namely: Aghul, [[Tabasaran language|Tabasaran]], [[Rutul language|Rutul]], [[Lezgi language|Lezgi]], [[Tsakhur language|Tsakhur]], [[Budukh language|Budukh]], [[Kryts language|Kryts]], [[Khinalugh language|Khinalugh]], [[Udi language|Udi]] and [[Archi language|Archi]].
 
 
 
==Grammar==
===Adjectives===
Independent and predicative adjectives take number marker and class marker; also case if used as nominal. As attribute they are invariable. Thus ''idžed'' "good", ergative, ''idžedi'', etc. ''-n, -s;'' pl. ''idžedar''; but ''Idže insandi hhuč qini'' "The good man killed the wolf" (subject in ergative).
 
===Pronouns===
====Personal Pronouns====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!
! align="center" | Singular
! align="center" | Plural
|-
| rowspan=2 align="center" | 1
| align="center"| zun
|-
|}
 
 
 
==Bibliography==
*Haspelmath, Martin. 1993. ''A grammar of Lezgian''. (Mouton grammar library; 9). Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. – ISBN 3-11-013735-6
 
*Talibov, Bukar B. and Magomed M. Gadžiev. 1966. ''Lezginsko-russkij slovar’''. Moskva: Izd. Sovetskaja Ėnciklopedija.
 
==External links==
*[http://www.ethnologue.org/show_language.asp?code=lez Ethnologue report for Lezgi]
*[http://languageserver.uni-graz.at/ls/lang?id=3072 Languages of the World report]
 
[[Category:Caucasian languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Languages of Russia]]
[[Category:Languages of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Languages of Kazakhstan]]
[[Category:Languages of Uzbekistan]]
[[Category:Languages of Turkey]]
[[Category:Languages of Turkmenistan]]
[[Category:Languages of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Languages of Kyrgyzstan]]
[[Category:Endangered languages]]-->
Elŝutita el "https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agula_lingvo"