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'''Halliburton Energy Services''' estas internacia firmao (korporacio), lokita en [[Houston (Teksaso)]], en la [[Usono]] kaj ĝi estas la 2-a plej granda naftokampa priserva firmao post [[Schlumberger Limited]]. Ĝi fondiĝis en [[1919]], la firmao unuavice okupiĝis pri [[energio|energia]] kaj [[nafto|nafta]] industrioj, sed ankaŭ en aliaj kampoj. Ties ĉefbazo estis tiam en [[Dallas (Teksaso)]], sed ĝi translokiĝis en [[2003]] al Houston. Halliburton havas pli ol 115,000 laboristojn en pli ol 100 landoj.
La firmao havas strikatjn politikajn rilatojn al la respublikanoj de Usono, tiel la firmao ricevas ofte ŝtajn mendojn el la mono de la impostpagantoj.
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==History==
===1919 to 1990===
Mr. and Mrs. [[Erle P. Halliburton]] first tried to find work cementing oil wells in [[Burkburnett]] then moved their business ([[New Method Oil Well Cementing Company]]) to the Healdton field near [[Ardmore, Oklahoma]].
[[Kategorio:Firmaoj]]
1920: reorganized - [[Halliburton Oil Well Cementing Company]]
1921: headquarters - [[Duncan, Oklahoma]]
1924: incorporation
1948: [[New York Stock Exchange]] listing
1957: acquisition of [[Welex Jet Services]] of [[Fort Worth, Texas]]
1960: name shortened to Halliburton Company
1961: headquarters - [[Dallas, Texas]]
1962: acquisition of [[Brown and Root]] of [[Houston, Texas]]
198?: acquisition of [[Geophysical Services]] from [[Texas Instruments]]
198?: acquisition of [[Geosource]]
198?: [[Halliburton Logging Services]]
1982: workforce - 115,000
1982: energy industry decline
1991: workforce - 73,000
===1990s===
*In the aftermath of [[Operation Desert Storm]] in [[Kuwait]] in [[1991]], Halliburton crews helped bring 320 burning oil wells under control.
*In the early [[1990s]] Halliburton was found to be in violation of federal trade barriers in [[Iraq]] and [[Libya]], having sold these countries dual-use oil drilling equipment and, through its former subsidiary, Halliburton Logging Services, sending six [[pulse neutron generator]]s to Libya. After having pleaded guilty, the company was fined $1.2 million, with another $2.61 million in penalties.
*In the [[Balkans]] conflict in the 1990s, KBR supported U.S. peacekeeping forces in [[Bosnia]], [[Croatia]] and [[Hungary]] with food, laundry, transportation and other lifecycle management services.
*In [[1995]] [[Dick Cheney]] became [[chairman]] and [[CEO]]
*In [[1998]] Halliburton merged with [[Dresser Industries]].
*Although HPS was incorporated in the Caymans and is "non-American", it shares both the logo and name of Halliburton Energy Services and, according to [[Dow Jones Newswire]] offers services from Halliburton units world-wide through its [[Tehran]] office. Such behaviour, undertaken while Cheney was CEO of Halliburton, may have violated the [[Trading with the Enemy Act]].
*A Halliburton spokesman, responding to inquiries from Dow Jones, said "This is not breaking any laws. This is a foreign subsidiary and no US person is involved in this. No US person is facilitating any transaction. We are not performing directly in that country."
*Cheney retired from the company during the [[2000 U.S. presidential election]] campaign, and was awarded a severance package worth $20 million.
===2000-===
*In [[2001]] it was revealed by the [[Wall Street Journal]] that a subsidiary of Halliburton Energy Services called [[Halliburton Products and Services Ltd.]] opened an office in Tehran. The company, HPS, operated "behind an unmarked door on the ninth floor of a new north Tehran tower block." HPS was incorporated in [[1975]] in the [[Cayman Islands]].
*In [[2002]], [[Judicial Watch]] filed suit on behalf of shareholders against Cheney and 13 other Halliburton directors, as well as Halliburton itself and its accounting firm, Arthur Andersen LLP and Arthur Andersen Worldwide.
*In April [[2002]], a Halliburton subsidiary, [[Kellogg, Brown and Root]] (KBR), was awarded a $7 million contract to construct steel holding cells at [[Camp X-Ray]]. More recently, the subsidiary was awarded a [[no-bid contract]] to conduct oil well firefighting in Iraq worth an estimated $1 billion. In May 2003, Halliburton's role under contract with regard to Iraqi oilfields was expanded to include "operation of facilities and distribution of products". [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3006149.stm]
*Also in May 2003, Halliburton revealed in a filing with the [[Securities and Exchange Commission]] that its KBR subsidiary had paid a [[Nigeria]]n official $2.4 million in [[corruption|bribes]] in order to receive favorable tax treatment. [http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/05/10/1052280472817.html] [http://www.chron.com/cs/CDA/ssistory.mpl/business/1902750]
*[[As of 2003]], Halliburton was still operating in Iran. [[CNN]], in a report entitled "US companies are operating in Iran despite sanctions," reported that a Halliburton spokesperson told the news agency that HPS helps Iran build oil rigs in the country's south.
*The company is currently (2003, 2004) being investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission due to allegations of profit inflation by accounting for cost overruns as revenue in shareholder reports. Halliburton counters that the practice was approved by its accounting firm, [[Arthur Andersen]], and conforms to generally accepted practices.
*Halliburton's chairman and [[CEO]] is [[David J. Lesar]], who took over the positions from [[Dick Cheney]], now the [[Vice President of the United States of America|U.S. Vice President]].
==Iraq Controversy==
In recent years the company has become the center of many controversies involving the [[2003 Iraq War]] and the company's ties to US Vice President [[Dick Cheney]]. [[Bill Gertz]], defense reporter for ''[[The Washington Times]]'', wrote:
:Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] was chief executive officer of Halliburton from 1995 until 2000, and [[US Democratic Party|Democrats]] repeatedly have tried to link the administration to claims of government favoritism toward the firm. [http://www.washtimes.com/national/20041006-012159-1086r.htm]
Overall, KBR (Halliburton Construction subsidiary), formerly known as [[Kellogg Brown & Root]] has contracts in Iraq worth up to $18 billion, including a single "No bid" contract known as "Restore Iraqi Oil" (RIO) which has an estimated worth of $7 billion.
Influence of the contracts can be seen from company financial reports company posted a second-quarter net loss of $663 million in 2004, revenue rose 38 percent from a year earlier to $5.0 billion. Iraq-related work contributed $1.7 billion in revenue in 2003 and a further $3.8 billion in the first six months of 2004.
But KBR has been no friend to Halliburton shareholders, losing money over the past three years as it moved to settle $4.2 billion in asbestos-related claims inherited from a 1998 acquisition. Despite the cronyism allegations, the company's contracts in Iraq are much less profitable than its core energy business. They are expected to have generated more than $13 billion in sales by the time they start to expire in 2006 but most offer low [[margins]] - less than 2 per cent on average in 2003 and just 1.4 per cent this year for the logistics work.
At a meeting for investors and analysts in August 2004 it outlined plans to dispose of KBR, the business at the source of its business difficulties and image problem, through a possible [[sale]], [[spin-off]] or [[initial public offering]].
Analysts at Deutsche Bank value KBR at up to $2.15 billion, while others believe it could be worth closer to $3 billion by the time management decides what to do with the business in 2005.
Halliburton is the only company mentioned by [[Osama bin Laden]] in an April 2004 tape where he says "this is a war [in Iraq] that is benefiting major companies with billions of dollars."
Halliburton is still making annual payments to its former chief executive, the vice-president Dick Cheney. The payments, which appear on Mr. Cheney's 2001 financial disclosure statement, are in the form of "deferred compensation" of up to $1 million (£600,000) a year. The "deferred compensation" accounts has generated an income between $50,000 to $100,000 for the vice president. Dick Cheney also retains unexercised stock options at Halliburton, the vice president's benefits include three batches of stock options comprising 433,333 shares. He also has a 401(k) retirement account valued at between $1,001 and $15,000 dollars.
In 2002, Cheney's total asset wealth was valued at between $19.1 million and $86.4 million.
==See also==
*[[List of Halliburton subsidiaries]]
*[[Private military contractor]]
== External links ==
* [http://www.halliburton.com/ Halliburton] official corporate site
* [http://www.halliburton.com/gov_ops/sl0258.jsp KBR Engineering and construction subsidiary] official site
* [http://www.halliburtonwatch.org/ Halliburton Watch]
* [http://www.independent-media.tv/gtheme.cfm?ftheme_id=35 Independent Media TV - Dick Cheney and Halliburton] media watch
* [http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317829/us317861/us65309/us282395/us10090036/us10104791/us10090040/ LookSmart - Halliburton/Cheney Probe] directory category
* [http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/HH/doh8.html ''Halliburton Company''] from ''The Handbook of Texas''
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A30209-2004Sep17.html ''Halliburton Is a Handy Target for Democrats''] from [[The Washington Post]] September 18, 2004
* [http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=04/05/17/1431237 ''The Halliburton Agenda: The Politics of Oil and Money''] from [[Democracy Now]] May 17th, 2004
* [http://news.ft.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=FT.com/StoryFT/FullStory&c=StoryFT&cid=1059478759375 ''Law firm sets sights on Halliburton''] from [[The Financial Times]] August 7 2003
* [http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&cid=580&e=1&u=/nm/20040723/bs_nm/energy_halliburton_earns_dc ''Second Quarter Results of the company for 2004''] from Yahoo! News July 23, 2004
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/onpolitics/articles/halliburtonprimer.html ''A Halliburton Primer''] from [[The Washington Post]] July 11, 2002
* [http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=domesticNews&storyID=5734539&pageNumber=0 ''Congress Report in Halliburton contracts''] from [[Reuters]]
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[[en:Halliburton]]
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