Bluso: Malsamoj inter versioj

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===Antaŭmilita bluso===
La usona eldonindustrio de [[partituro]]j produktis grandan kvanton de [[ragtimo|ragtima]] muziko. ByĈirkaŭ 1912, thela sheetpartitura musicindustrio industryestis hadpublikiginta publishedtri threepopularajn popularblusecajn blues-like compositionskomponaĵojn, precipitatingkio theakcelis la adopton fare de [[Tin Pan Alley]] adoptionde of blues elementsbluselementoj: "Baby Seals' Blues", byde [["Baby" Franklin Seals]] (arrangedaranĝita byde [[Artie Matthews]]); "Dallas Blues", byde [[Hart Wand]]; andkaj "[[The Memphis Blues]]", byde [[W. C. Handy]].<ref>Garofalo, p. 27. Garofalo citedcitis Barlow inen "Handy's sudden success demonstrated [the] commercial potential of [the blues], which in turn made the genre attractive to the Tin Pan Alley hacks, who wasted little time in turning out a deluge of imitations." (ParentheticalsParentezoj inen Garofalo.)</ref>
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[[File:W. C. Handy - The "St. Louis Blues" - First page.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|Sheet music from "[[Saint Louis Blues (song)|Saint Louis Blues]]" (1914)]]
Handy was a formally trained musician, composer and arranger who helped to popularize the blues by transcribing and orchestrating blues in an almost symphonic style, with bands and singers. He became a popular and prolific composer, and billed himself as the "Father of the Blues"; however, his compositions can be described as a fusion of blues with ragtime and jazz, a merger facilitated using the Cuban [[habanera (music)|habanera]] rhythm that had long been a part of ragtime;<ref name="cgkmik"/><ref name="trkeja">Garofalo, p. 27.</ref> Handy's signature work was the "[[Saint Louis Blues (song)|Saint Louis Blues]]".
 
[[File:W. C. Handy - The "St. Louis Blues" - First page.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|Sheet music[[Partituro]] fromde "[[SaintSt. Louis Blues (songkanto)|Saint Louis Blues]]" (1914)]]
In the 1920s, the blues became a major element of African American and American popular music, reaching white audiences via Handy's arrangements and the classic female blues performers. The blues evolved from informal performances in bars to entertainment in theaters. Blues performances were organized by the [[Theater Owners Bookers Association]] in [[nightclub]]s such as the [[Cotton Club]] and [[juke joint]]s such as the bars along [[Beale Street]] in Memphis. Several record companies, such as the [[American Record Corporation]], [[Okeh Records]], and [[Paramount Records]], began to record African-American music.
Handy estis formale trejnita muzikisto, komponisto kaj aranĝisto kiu helpis popularigi bluson transkribante kaj orkestrante bluson en preskaŭ simfonia stilo, kun bandoj kaj kantistoj. Li iĝis populara kaj fekunda komponisto, kaj nomis sin kiel la "Patro de Bluso"; tamen, liaj komponaĵoj povas estis priskribitaj kiel fuzio de bluso kun ragtimo kaj ĵazo, arigo faciligita uzante la Kuban ritmon [[Kontraŭdanco|habanera]] kiu estis parto de ragtimo;<ref name="cgkmik"/><ref name="trkeja">Garofalo, p. 27.</ref> La majstroverko de Handy estis la "[[St. Louis Blues (kanto)|Saint Louis Blues]]".
 
En la 1920-aj jaroj, bluso iĝis ĉefa elemento de afrikusona kaj usona ĝenerale popolmuziko, kaj atingis blankan publikon pere de la aranĝoj fare de Handy kaj pere de la klasikaj bluskantistinoj. Bluso evoluis el neformalaj ludoj en trinkejoj al distraj spektakloj en teatroj. Blusistoj estis organizitaj de la [[Theater Owners Bookers Association]] en [[noktoklubo]]j kiaj la [[Cotton Club]] kaj ''[[juke joint]]''-oj kiel tiuj laŭlonge de la strato Beale en [[Memphis]]. Kelkaj registrokompanioj, kiaj la [[American Record Corporation]], [[Okeh Records]], kaj [[Paramount Records]], elregistris afrik-usonan muzikon.
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As the recording industry grew, country blues performers like [[Bo Carter]], [[Jimmie Rodgers (country singer)]], [[Blind Lemon Jefferson]], [[Lonnie Johnson (musician)|Lonnie Johnson]], [[Tampa Red]] and [[Blind Blake]] became more popular in the African American community. Kentucky-born [[Sylvester Weaver (musician)|Sylvester Weaver]] was in 1923 the first to record the [[slide guitar]] style, in which a guitar is fretted with a knife blade or the sawed-off neck of a bottle.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://members.aye.net/~kbsblues/awards.htm#Weaver|title=Kentuckiana Blues Society|accessdate=September 26, 2008}}</ref> The slide guitar became an important part of the [[Delta blues]].<ref name="bkihns">Clarke, p. 138.</ref> The first blues recordings from the 1920s are categorized as a traditional, rural country blues and a more polished city or urban blues.