Franca lingvo: Malsamoj inter versioj

[kontrolita revizio][kontrolita revizio]
Enhavo forigita Enhavo aldonita
Linio 100:
===Ameriko===
[[File:Arret.jpg|thumb|upright|La [[Haltŝildo|"arrêt" ŝildoj]] (franca por "halto") estas uzataj en [[Kanado]] dum la anglalingva vorto ''stop,'' kiu estas ankaŭ valida franclingva vorto, estas uzata en Francio kaj en aliaj franc-parolantaj landoj kaj regionoj.]]
La franca estas la dua plej ofta lingvo en [[Kanado]], post la [[Angla lingvo|angla]], kaj ambaŭ estas oficialaj lingvoj je federacia nivelo. Ĝi estas la unua lingvo de 9.5 milionoj da personoj aŭ 29% kaj la dua lingvo por 2.07 milionoj aŭ 6% de la tuta loĝantaro de Kanado.<ref name="Qu'est-ce que la Francophonie"/> La franca estas la nura oficiala lingvo en la provinco [[Kebekio]], estante gepatra lingvo de ĉirkaŭ 7 milionoj da personoj, aŭ preskaŭ 80% (Popolnombrado de 2006) de la provinco. AboutĈirkaŭ 95% ofde thela peopleparolantaro ofde QuebecKebekio speakparolas Frenchla asfrancan eitherĉu theirkiel firstunua orĉu secondkiel languagedua lingvo, andkaj forpor somekelkaj askiel theirtria third languagelingvo. QuebecKebekio isestas alsoankaŭ homehejmo tode thela city ofurbo [[MontrealMontrealo]], whichkiu isestas thela world's4a plej granda 4thfranc-largestparolanta urbo French-speakingen la citymondo, bylaŭ numbernombro ofde firstparolantoj languagede unua speakerslingvo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.touristmaker.com/blog/what-are-the-largest-french-speaking-cities-in-the-world/ |title=What are the largest French-speaking cities in the world? |website=Tourist Maker |language=en-US |access-date=2016-10-06}}</ref> [[New BrunswickNov-Brunsviko]] andkaj [[ManitobaManitobo]] areestas thela onlynuraj officiallydu bilingualoficiale provincesdulingvaj provincoj, thoughkvankam fullla bilingualismplena isdulingvismo enactedestas onlyaprobita innur Newen BrunswickNov-Brunsviko, wherekie aboutĉirkaŭ oneunu thirdtriono ofde thela populationloĝantaro isestas Francophonefrancparolanta. French is also an official language of all of the territories ([[NorthwestNordokcidentaj TerritoriesTeritorioj]], [[NunavutNunavuto]], and [[YukonJukonio]]). Out of the three, Yukon has the most French speakers, comprising just under 4% of the population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89201&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=701&Temporal=2006&Theme=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=838089 |title=Detailed Mother Tongue (186), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) (2006 Census) |publisher=2.statcan.ca |date=December 7, 2010 |accessdate=February 22, 2011}}</ref> Furthermore, while French is not an official language in [[Ontario]], the [[French Language Services Act]] ensures that provincial services are to be available in the language. The Act applies to areas of the province where there are significant Francophone communities, namely [[Eastern Ontario]] and [[Northern Ontario]]. Elsewhere, sizable French-speaking minorities are found in southern Manitoba, [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]] and the [[Port au Port Peninsula]] in [[Newfoundland and Labrador]], where the unique [[Newfoundland French]] dialect was historically spoken. Smaller pockets of French speakers exist in all other provinces. The city of Ottawa, the Canadian capital, is also effectively bilingual, as it is on the other side of a river from Quebec, opposite the major city of Gatineau, and is required to offer governmental services in French as well as English.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}
 
[[File:French in the United States.png|thumb|left|French language spread in the United States. Counties marked in lighter pink are those where 6–12% of the population speaks French at home; medium pink, 12–18%; darker pink, over 18%. [[French-based creole languages]] are not included.]] According to the United States Census Bureau (2011), French is the fourth<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2013pubs/acs-22.pdf|title=Language Use in the United States: 2011, American Community Survey Reports, Camille Ryan, Issued August 2013|publisher=|access-date=18 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205101044/http://www.census.gov/prod/2013pubs/acs-22.pdf|archive-date=5 February 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> most-spoken language in the United States after [[English language|English]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], and [[Chinese language|Chinese]], when all forms of French are considered together and all dialects of Chinese are similarly combined. French remains the second most-spoken language in the states of [[Louisiana]], [[Maine]], [[Vermont]] and [[New Hampshire]]. Louisiana is home to many distinct dialects, collectively known as [[Louisiana French]]. According to the 2000 United States Census, there are over 194,000 people in Louisiana who speak French at home, the most of any state if [[Louisiana Creole French|Creole French]] is excluded.<ref name="factfinder.census.gov">[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=D&-qr_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U_QTP16&-ds_name=D&-_lang=en U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 3] – Language Spoken at Home: 2000.</ref> [[New England French]], essentially a variant of [[Canadian French]], is spoken in parts of [[New England]]. [[Missouri French]] was historically spoken in [[Missouri]] and [[Illinois]] (formerly known as [[Upper Louisiana]]), but is nearly extinct today.<ref>{{cite book |title=Status and Function of Languages and Language Varieties |last= Ammon|first= Ulrich|authorlink= |author2=International Sociological Association|year= 1989|publisher= Walter de Gruyter|location= |isbn= 978-0-89925-356-5|pages= 306–08|url= https://books.google.com/?id=geh261xgI8sC&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=14 November 2011}}</ref> French also survived in isolated pockets along the [[Gulf Coast]] of what was previously French [[Lower Louisiana]], such as [[Mon Louis Island]], Alabama and [[DeLisle, Mississippi]] (the latter only being discovered by linguists in the 1990s) but these varieties are severely endangered or presumed extinct.