Ideologio: Malsamoj inter versioj

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# Metodoj: plej taŭgaj vojoj por atingi idealan aranĝon.
 
Estas multaj proponitaj metodoj por la klasigo de politikaj ideologioj, ĉiu el kiuj diferencaj metodoj generas specifan [[Politika spektro|politikan spektron]]. Ideologioj identigas sin ankaŭ pro siaj pozicio en la gama spektro (ekz. la [[Politika maldekstro|maldekstro]], la [[centrismo|centro]] aŭ la [[Politika dekstro|dekstro]]), kvankam la precizeco en tiu kadro povas ofte okazigi polemikon. Fine, ideologioj povas esti distingitaj laŭ politikaj strategioj (ekz., [[popolismo]]) kaj pro specifaj aferoj pri kiuj unu partio povas pritrakti (ekz. [[Leĝaro pri kanabo|senkrimigo de kanabo]], [[eŭtanazio]] aŭ [[aborto]]). Filozofo [[Michael Oakeshott]] difinas ideologion kiel "la formaligita sintezo de la supozita subtavolo de la racia vero enhavata en la tradicio." Krome, Charles Blattberg proponas priskribon kiu distingas politikajn ''ideologiojn'' disde [[Politika filozofio|politikaj ''filozofioj'']].<ref>Blattberg, Charles. [2001] 2009. "[https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=652087122068025070065081111101010027024044014043036071094111021081092080026004090126123009016061033059096097066088084065121111106027069082063124026009122011000118002013084120085085072066087087116104108067102115104112105106114076111001096089007025068&EXT=pdf Political Philosophies and Political Ideologies (PDF)]." ''[[Public Affairs Quarterly]]'' 15(3):193–217. {{SSRN| 1755117}}.</ref>
 
A political ideology largely concerns itself with how to allocate [[power (sociology)|power]] and to what ends power should be used. Some parties follow a certain ideology very closely, while others may take broad inspiration from a group of related ideologies without specifically embracing any one of them. Each political ideology contains certain ideas on what it considers the best [[form of government]] (e.g., [[democracydemokratio]], [[demagogydemagogio]], [[theocracyteokratio]], [[caliphatekaliflando]] etc.), and the best [[economicekonomia systemsistemo]] (e.g. [[capitalismkapitalismo]], [[socialismsocialismo]], etc.). Sometimes the same word is used to identify both an ideology and one of its main ideas. For instance, ''socialism'' may refer to an economic system, or it may refer to an ideology that supports that economic system.
 
Post 1991, many commentators claim that we are living in a post-ideological age,<ref>[[Daniel Bell|Bell, D.]] 2000. ''[[The End of Ideology|The End of Ideology: On the Exhaustion of Political Ideas in the Fifties]]'' (2nd ed.)''.'' Cambridge, MA: [[Harvard University Press]]. p. 393.</ref> in which redemptive, all-encompassing ideologies have failed. This view is often associated{{by whom|date=August 2015}} with [[Francis Fukuyama]]'s writings on the ''[[end of history]]''.<ref>[[Francis Fukuyama|Fukuyama, Francis]]. 1992. ''[[The End of History and the Last Man]]''. New York: [[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]]. p. xi.</ref> Contrastly, Nienhueser (2011) sees research (in the field of [[human resource management]]) as ongoingly "generating ideology."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nienhueser |first1=Werner |year=2011 |title=Empirical Research on Human Resource Management as a Production of Ideology |url=http://www.management-revue.org/papers/mrev_4_11_Nienhueser.pdf |journal=Management Revue |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=367–393 |doi= 10.5771/0935-9915-2011-4-367|issn=0935-9915 |access-date=2015-08-27 |quote=[...] current empirical research in HRM is generating ideology.}}</ref>