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== Bibliografio ==
* Collins, Roger (1998). Charlemagne. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
* Fried, Johannes (2016). Charlemagne. trad. Peter Lewis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674737396.
* James, David; Ibn al-Qūṭiyya, Muḥammad b ʻUmar (2009). Early Islamic Spain: The History of Ibn al-Qūṭiyya: a study of the unique Arabic manuscript in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris, with a translation, notes and comments. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-41547-552-5.
* Lewers Langston, Aileen; Buck, Jr., J. Orton, eds. (1974). Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants. Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co.
* Riché, Pierre (1993). The Carolingians: A Family Who Forged Europe. Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-1342-3.
* Russell, Charles Edward (1930). Charlemagne, first of the moderns. Boston kaj New York: Houghton Mifflin Co.
* Sarti, Laury (2016). "Frankish Romanness and Charlemagne's Empire". Speculum. 91 (4): 1040–58. doi:10.1086/687993. S2CID 163283337.
Scholz, Bernhard Walter; Barbara Rogers (1970). Carolingian Chronicles: Royal Frankish Annals and Nithard's Histories. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08790-7.
* Sypeck, Jeff (2006). Becoming Charlemagne: Europe, Baghdad, and The Empires of A.D. 800. New York: Ecco/HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-079706-5.
* Tierney, Brian (1964). The Crisis of Church and State 1050–1300. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-6701-2.
Waldman, Carl; Mason, Catherine (2006). Encyclopedia of European Peoples. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0816049646.
* Wilson, Derek 2006 : Charlemagne, ''Doubleday/Random House, Inc.'', New York, 226p. ISBN 0-385-51670-3 {{en}}
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