Etiko: Malsamoj inter versioj

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===Intuicia etiko===
'''Etika intuiciismo''' (ankaŭ nomata '''morala intuiciismo''') estas aro de vidpunktoj en morala [[epistemologio]] (kaj, en kelkaj difinoj, [[metafiziko]]). Minimume, etika intuiciismo estas la tezo, ke la [[Intuicio|intuicia konscio]] de valoroj, aŭ intuicia sciaro pri pritakso de faktoj, formas la fundamenton de la etika sciaro.
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TheTiu viewvidpunkto isestas at its core akerne [[foundationalism]] about moral knowledge: it is the view that some moral truths can be known non-inferentially (i.e., known without one needing to infer them from other truths one believes). Such an epistemological view implies that there are moral beliefs with propositional contents; so it implies [[Cognitivism (ethics)|cognitivism]]. As such, ethical intuitionism is to be contrasted with [[coherentism|coherentist]] approaches to moral epistemology, such as those that depend on [[reflective equilibrium]].<ref name="Shafer-Landau & Cuneo foundationalism">Shafer-Landau & Cuneo (2012), p. 385</ref>
'''Ethical intuitionism''' (also called '''moral intuitionism''') is a family of views in moral [[epistemology]] (and, on some definitions, [[metaphysics]]). At minimum, ethical intuitionism is the thesis that our [[Intuition (knowledge)|intuitive awareness]] of value, or intuitive knowledge of evaluative facts, forms the foundation of our ethical knowledge.
 
Throughout the philosophical literature, the term "ethicaletika intuitionismintuiciismo" is frequently used with significant variation in its sense. This article's focus on foundationalism reflects the core commitments of contemporary self-identified ethical intuitionists.<ref name="Shafer-Landau & Cuneo foundationalism" /><ref name="SEP">Stratton-Lake (2014) http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/intuitionism-ethics/</ref>
The view is at its core a [[foundationalism]] about moral knowledge: it is the view that some moral truths can be known non-inferentially (i.e., known without one needing to infer them from other truths one believes). Such an epistemological view implies that there are moral beliefs with propositional contents; so it implies [[Cognitivism (ethics)|cognitivism]]. As such, ethical intuitionism is to be contrasted with [[coherentism|coherentist]] approaches to moral epistemology, such as those that depend on [[reflective equilibrium]].<ref name="Shafer-Landau & Cuneo foundationalism">Shafer-Landau & Cuneo (2012), p. 385</ref>
 
Sufficiently broadly defined, ethicaletika intuitionismintuiciismo can be taken to encompass cognitivist forms of [[moral sense theory]].<ref name="Stratton-Lake sentimentalism">Stratton-Lake (2013), p. 337</ref> It is usually furthermore taken as essential to ethical intuitionism that there be [[self-evidence|self-evident]] or ''[[A priori and a posteriori|a priori]]'' moral knowledge; this counts against considering moral sense theory to be a species of intuitionism. (see the [[Ethical intuitionism#Rational intuition versus moral sense|Rational intuition versus moral sense]] section of this article for further discussion).
Throughout the philosophical literature, the term "ethical intuitionism" is frequently used with significant variation in its sense. This article's focus on foundationalism reflects the core commitments of contemporary self-identified ethical intuitionists.<ref name="Shafer-Landau & Cuneo foundationalism" /><ref name="SEP">Stratton-Lake (2014) http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/intuitionism-ethics/</ref>
 
Sufficiently broadly defined, ethical intuitionism can be taken to encompass cognitivist forms of [[moral sense theory]].<ref name="Stratton-Lake sentimentalism">Stratton-Lake (2013), p. 337</ref> It is usually furthermore taken as essential to ethical intuitionism that there be [[self-evidence|self-evident]] or ''[[A priori and a posteriori|a priori]]'' moral knowledge; this counts against considering moral sense theory to be a species of intuitionism. (see the [[Ethical intuitionism#Rational intuition versus moral sense|Rational intuition versus moral sense]] section of this article for further discussion).
 
Ethical intuitionism was first clearly shown in use by the philosopher [[Francis Hutcheson (philosopher)|Francis Hutcheson]]. Later ethical intuitionists of influence and note include [[Henry Sidgwick]], [[G.E. Moore]], [[Harold Arthur Prichard]], [[C.S. Lewis]] and, most influentially, [[Robert Audi]].